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托福词汇题

Category: 托福雅思, 留学考试 Date: 2019年2月10日上午9:44

【initiate】

The verb is pronounced /?'n??ie?t/. The noun is pronounced /?'n??i?t/. 动词读作 /?'n??ie?t/。名词读作 /?'n??i?t/。

1.VERB 动词开始;创始;发起 If you initiate?something, you start it or cause it to happen.

【语法信息】：V n

·?They wanted to initiate a discussion on economics...

他们想启动一次经济学讨论。

·?The trip was initiated by the manager of the community centre.

这次旅行由社区活动中心的经理发起。

2.VERB 动词使初步了解;向…传授基本技巧(或基础知识) If you initiate?someone into?something, you introduce them to a particular skill or type of knowledge and teach them about it.

【语法信息】：V n into n

【语法信息】：Also V n

·?He initiated her into the study of other cultures.

他将她领进了研究其他文化的大门。

【abrupt】

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词突然的，意外的（常指令人不快的改变或行为） An abrupt?change or action is very sudden, often in a way which is unpleasant.

·?Rosie's idyllic world came to an abrupt end when her parents' marriage broke up...

父母婚姻的破裂使得罗茜田园诗般美好的世界陡然画上了句号。

·?The recession brought an abrupt halt to this happiness...

经济衰退让这幸福戛然而止。

·?His abrupt departure is bound to raise questions.

他的拂袖而去必然会招来很多疑问。

abruptly

·?He stopped abruptly and looked my way.

他突然停下，朝我看过来。

【lucrative】

ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词获利多的；赚大钱的 A lucrative?activity, job, or business deal is very profitable.

·?Thousands of ex-army officers have found lucrative jobs in private security firms.

数以千计的退伍军官在私营保安公司找到了收入不菲的工作。

【consistent】

ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词(行为、态度等)一贯的，一致的，始终如一的 Someone who is consistent?always behaves in the same way, has the same attitudes towards people or things, or achieves the same of success in something.

·?Becker has never been the most consistent of players anyway.

不管怎么说，贝克尔从来就不是表现最为稳定的球员。

·?...his consistent support of free trade.

他对自由贸易始终如一的支持

consistently

·?It's something I have consistently denied...

那是我自始至终否认的事。

·?Jones and Armstrong maintain a consistently high standard.

琼斯和阿姆斯特朗始终保持着高水准。

【continuous】

ADJ 形容词连续不断的;持续的;不中断的 A continuous?process or event continues for a period of time without stopping.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

·?Residents report that they heard continuous gunfire.

居民们报告说他们听到了连续不断的枪声。

·?...all employees who had a record of five years' continuous employment with the firm...

所有在公司连续任职达5年的员工

·?There is a continuous stream of phone calls.

电话接连不断。

continuously

·?The civil war has raged almost continuously since 1976...

自从1976年开始，内战几乎没有中断过。

·?It is the oldest continuously inhabited city in America.

这是美国最古老的一直有人居住的城市。

【vicinity】

.N-SING 单数名词邻近地区;附近 If something is in the vicinity（?the area near a particular place）?of?a particular place, it is near it.

【搭配模式】：the N

【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

·?There were a hundred or so hotels in the vicinity of the railway station...

在火车站附近大约有100家旅馆。

·?The police roadblocks are still in place and the immediate vicinity of the house remains cordoned off.

警察设置的路障还在，房子四周仍然用警戒线隔离着。

【surplus】

1.N-VAR 可变名词过剩;剩余;过剩量;剩余额 If there is a surplus of?something, there is more than is needed.

·?Germany suffers from a surplus of teachers.

德国遭遇了教师过剩的问题。

2.ADJ 形容词过剩的;剩余的;多余的 Surplus?is used to describe something that is extra or that is more than is needed.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

·?Few people have large sums of surplus cash...

几乎没人手头很富裕。

·?I sell my surplus birds to a local pet shop...

我把多余的鸟卖给当地的宠物商店。

·?The houses are being sold because they are surplus to requirements.

这些因超出需求而闲置着的房子正在出售。

【unprecedented】

ADJ 形容词前所未有的；空前的；没有先例的 If something is unprecedented, it has never happened before.

·?Such a move is rare, but not unprecedented...

这种做法很罕见，但也不是没有先例的。

·?In 1987 the Socialists took the unprecedented step of appointing a civilian to command the force.

1987年，社会党人史无前例地任命了一位非军队出身的人来指挥军队。

【confirm】

VERB 动词证实，证明(情况属实) If something confirms?what you believe, suspect, or fear, it shows that it is definitely true.

【语法信息】：V that

【语法信息】：V n

【搭配模式】：no cont

·?X-rays have confirmed that he has not broken any bones...

X光片证实他没有骨折。

·?These new statistics confirm our worst fears about the depth of the recession...

这些新的统计数据证实经济衰退已经严重到我们最为担忧的境地。

·?This confirms what I suspected all along.

这证实了我一直以来的怀疑。

confirmation

·?They took her resignation from Bendix as confirmation of their suspicions.

他们认为她从本迪克斯公司辞职证实了他们的怀疑。

【vigorous】

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

（体育活动）剧烈的，强度大的，强劲的 Vigorous?physical activities involve using a lot of energy, usually to do short and repeated actions.

·?Very vigorous exercise can increase the risk of heart attacks...

运动太过剧烈会增大心脏病发作的风险。

·?African dance is vigorous, but full of subtlety.

非洲舞蹈强劲奔放，但又处处透着细腻。

vigorously

·?He shook his head vigorously...

他用力地摇头。

·?She shivered and rubbed her arms vigorously.

她颤抖着，使劲地搓着自己的胳膊。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

活跃的;积极的;热烈的 A vigorous?person does things with great energy and enthusiasm. A vigorous?campaign or activity is done with great energy and enthusiasm.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

·?Sir Robert was a strong and vigorous politician.

罗伯特爵士是位坚定而又活跃的政治家。

·?...the most vigorous critics of the government...

言辞最为激烈的政府批评家们

·?They will take vigorous action to recover the debts.

他们将积极讨回债款。

·?...a vigorous campaign against GM food.

一场抵制转基因食品的声势浩大的运动

vigorously

·?The police vigorously denied that excessive force had been used.

警方坚决否认曾经滥用武力。

3.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词精力旺盛的;充满活力的 A vigorous?person is strong and healthy and full of energy.

·?He was a vigorous, handsome young man.

他是个精力充沛、年轻帅气的小伙子。

【adverse】

.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

不利的;有害的 Adverse?decisions, conditions, or effects are unfavourable to you.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

·?The police said Mr Hadfield's decision would have no adverse effect on the progress of the investigation...

警方称哈德菲尔德先生的决定将不会对调查的进展造成不利影响。

·?Despite the adverse conditions, the road was finished in just eight months.

尽管存在种种不利情况，公路还是仅用8个月就完工了。

adversely

·?Price changes must not adversely affect the living standards of the people.

物价变化一定不能给人们的生活水准带来负面影响。

【continuous】

ADJ 形容词

连续不断的;持续的;不中断的 A continuous?process or event continues for a period of time without stopping.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

·?Residents report that they heard continuous gunfire.

居民们报告说他们听到了连续不断的枪声。

·?...all employees who had a record of five years' continuous employment with the firm...

所有在公司连续任职达5年的员工

·?There is a continuous stream of phone calls.

电话接连不断。

continuously

·?The civil war has raged almost continuously since 1976...

自从1976年开始，内战几乎没有中断过。

·?It is the oldest continuously inhabited city in America.

这是美国最古老的一直有人居住的城市。

【gradual】

ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

逐渐的；逐步的 A gradual?change or process occurs in small stages over a long period of time, rather than suddenly.

·?Losing weight is a slow, gradual process...

减肥是一个缓慢而渐进的过程。

·?You can expect her progress at school to be gradual rather than brilliant.

你可以指望她在学习上循序渐进，但别指望她突飞猛进。

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