Rationalising a denominator changes a fraction with surds in its denominator, into an equivalent fraction where the denominator is a?rational number?(usually an integer) and any surds are in the numerator
There are three cases you need to know how to deal with when rationalising denominators:
Exam Tip
If an exam question asks you to give an answer, for example, "in the form?p?+?q√3?, where?p?and?q?are rational numbers", this does NOT mean that?p?and?q?have to be integers, or positive!
Remember: both integers and fractions (both positive and negative) are rational numbers