Enzyme Activity: pH All enzymes have an?optimum pH?or a pH at which they operate best Enzymes are?denatured?at extremes of pH Hydrogen?and ionic bonds?hold the tertiary structure of the protein (ie...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 复习笔记：5.1.4 Enzymes & Temperature: Extended Enzymes & Temperature: Extended Enzymes are?proteins?and have a?specific shape, held in place by?bonds This is extremely i...
Mechanism of Enzyme Action Enzymes have an?active site?where?specific substrates bind?forming an?enzyme-substrate complex The?active site?of an enzyme has a?specific shape?to fit a?specific substra...
Enzymes as Catalysts Enzymes are?biological catalysts ‘Biological’ because they function in?living systems ‘Catalysts’ because they?speed up the rate of chemical reactions?without being?used up?or ...
Translation Translation occurs?in the cytoplasm?of the cell After leaving the nucleus via a nuclear pore, the?mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome In the cytoplasm, there are?free molecules of tRNA...
Transcription A?gene?is a?sequence of nucleotide bases?in a DNA molecule that?codes for the production of a specific sequence of amino acids, that in turn make up a?specific polypeptide?(protein) T...
Nature of the Genetic Code A?gene?is a?sequence of nucleotides?that forms part of a DNA molecule (one DNA molecule contains many genes) This sequence of nucleotides (the gene)?codes for the product...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 复习笔记：5.1.3 Enzyme Action & Specificity: Extended Enzyme Action & Specificity: Extended Enzymes are?specific?to one particular substrate(s) as the?active site?of the ...
Semi-conservative Replication of DNA Before?a (parent) cell?divides, it needs to?copy the DNA?contained within it Doubling the DNA ensures that the two new (daughter) cells produced will both recei...
