AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.5 Hess' Law
Using Hess' Law Calculating ΔHr?from ΔHf?using Hess’s Law energy cycles The products can be directly formed from the elements =?ΔH2 OR The products can be indirectly formed from the elements...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.4 Calorimetry
Calorimetry Measuring enthalpy changes Calorimetry?is the measurement enthalpy changes in chemical reactions A simple?calorimeter?can be made from a?polystyrene drinking cup, a?vacuum flask?...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.3 Enthalpy Changes
Enthalpy Changes The total chemical energy inside a substance is called the?enthalpy?(or heat content) When chemical reactions take place, changes in chemical energy take place and therefore...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.2 Energy Level Diagrams
Energy Level Diagrams An energy level diagram is a diagram that shows the energies of the reactants, the transition state(s) and the products of the reaction as the reaction proceeds ( calle...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.5.4 Effects of Forces Between Molecules
Influence of Intermolecular Forces Properties of water Hydrogen bonding in water, causes it to have?anomalous properties?such as high melting and boiling points, high surface tension and a h...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.5.3 Types of Forces Between Molecules
Intramolecular Forces vs. Intermolecular Forces Intramolecular forces Intramolecular forces?are forces?within?a molecule and are usually covalent bonds Covalent bonds?are formed when the out...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.5.2 Bond Polarity
Electronegativity Electronegativity?is the power of an atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond towards itself The electron distribution in a covalent bond between elements w...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.4.10 Effects of Structure & Bonding
Effects of Bonding & Structure on Physical Properties Different types of?structure?and?bonding?have different effects on the?physical properties?of substances such as their?melting?and?b...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.4.9 Properties of Metallic Substances
Metallic Lattice Structures Metals form?giant metallic lattices?in which the metal ions are surrounded by a ‘sea’ of?delocalised?electrons The metal ions are often packed in?hexagonal layers...
