Reactions of Carbonyls Carbonyl compounds can undergo a number of reactions, some of which allow you to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone Oxidation?- with?acidified potassium dich...
Aldehydes & Ketones Aldehydes and ketones contain the carbonyl functional group, C=O This is why aldehydes and ketones are also known as carbonyls The difference between aldehydes and ke...
Optical isomers A carbon atom that has four different atoms or groups of atoms attached to it is called a?chiral carbon?or?chiral centre Chira comes from a Greek word meaning hand, so we talk about...
Ligand Exchange Ligand exchange?(or?ligand?substitution) is when one?ligand?in a complex is replaced by another Ligand exchange forms a new complex that is?more stable?than the original one ...
Reactions with Hydroxide & Ammonia When transition metal ions in aqueous solution react with aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia they form precipitates However some of these pre...
Reduction & Oxidation of Chromium Species For chromium we need to consider the following standard electrode potential values We will use zinc and hydrogen peroxide as oxidising agents Th...
Colours & Oxidation States Vanadium is a transition metal which has variable oxidation states The table below shows the important ones you need to be aware of Addition of zinc to the van...
Manganese(II) ions as an Autocatalyst Autocatalysis the term used to describe a reaction which is speeded up by a product which acts as a catalyst for the reaction If you plot a rate graph o...
Homogeneous Catalysts Homogeneous?catalyst is in the same physical state (phase) as the reactants This means they are either all gases, or more often, all in aqueous solution Homogenous cata...
