Acid & Base Dissociation Constants Weak acids A?weak acid?is an acid that?partially?(or incompletely)?dissociates?in aqueous solutions For example, most carboxylic acids (e.g. ethanoic acid), H...
Salt Hydrolysis An ionic salt is formed from the neutralisation reaction of an acid and base Neutralisation? The ionic salt, MA, formed will dissociate in water Hydrolysis?is where water is used to...
Buffers A?buffer solution?is a solution which resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added A buffer solution is used to keep the pH almost constant A buffer can consist of?wea...
pH Curves During a titration, a pH meter can be used and a pH curve plotted A pH curve is a graph showing how the pH of a solution changes as the acid (or base) is added The features of a pH curve ...
Lewis Theory of Acids & Bases A more general definition of acids and bases was given by G.N. Lewis who defined them as: A Lewis?acid?is an?electron pair acceptor A Lewis?base?is an?electron pai...
Gibbs Free Energy & the Equilibrium Constant Gibbs Free Energy & the Equilibrium Constant The equilibrium constant,?Kc, gives no information about the individual rates of reaction It is ind...
Explaining Le Chatelier’s Principle Le Chatelier's principle Le Chatelier's principle says that if a change is made to a system at?dynamic equilibrium, the position of the equilibrium moves to mini...
Activation Energy from Rate Constants at Different Temperatures Arrhenius Plots Arrhenius plots for two reactions with different activation energies can be drawn on the same graph Arrhenius plots f...
Graphing the Arrhenius Equation Finding the Activation Energy Very often, the Arrhenius equation is used to calculate the activation energy of a reaction A question will either give sufficient info...
